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History


Patna General Post Office

First general post office opened in Kolkatta on 01-04-1774

Stamps issued on 01-10-1854 in India( All the stamps of four value issued in clarge form)
The Indian Postal Services were established in the current format largely under the East India Company. It was first established under the name "Company Mail". In 1688, the first post office of the Company Post was established at Kolkata in the Dancing House Haveli of Navab Siraju Daula situated in Tank Squire of Kolkata on 01-04-1774.
The system was reorganized and the service opened to the East India Company by Warren Hastings, the first governor general of Bengal with supervisory powers over Bombay and Madras, in 1774. A Postmaster General was appointed @ 500/- P.M. Assisted by one Assistant, two clerks, one officer, seven sorters, and 15 postmen were appointed and metal tickets or tokens were issued to pay for the postal charges. The presidencies of Bombay and Madras followed suit.

A letter box from the British era in Shimla
In 1835, a Committee was set up for unification of customs and postal system of all the presidencies. The result was the first Indian Post Office Act of 1837 ACT NO.XVII passed on 24-07-1837 & first P O Rules were framed by Fort William under general department: on 30-08-1837 effective w.e.from 01-10-1837. A Commission was set up in 1850 and submitted its report in 1851 that resulted in the post office Act No. XVII of 1854. Under the provisions of this act, the monopoly of carrying mail in the entire area of British possessions in India were granted to Indian Post office and office of the Director General of Post Offices of India was established. Mr. H P A B Riddle, till then the Postmaster General of North West Presidency, was appointed the first Director General in May 1854.It not only provided for uniform rates and routes but for the uniform designs and other specifications of the postmarks for each category of post office.
Adhesive stamps were introduced on 1 October 1854 on all India basis. Meanwhile in 1852 adhesive postage stamps were issued for use within the province of Sind, now in Pakistan. These were the first adhesive postage stamps in Asia.

History of Post Office Saving Bank

Idea of establishing of Postal saving bank in India came into the minds of the authorities in the year 1860 since the schemes of Postal Savings bank introduced in England worked with great success . Foundation laid down in India in 1833 when the first bank was opened in Calcutta. The maximum deposit was limited to Rs.500 at the rate 4.00% with a limit of Rs.3000/-. First District saving banks were introduced from 16.05.1870 in India, work was to be done by presidency banks & their branches where ever they existed & by the District & Tehsildar Treasuries elsewhere.
In 1873, the government savings Bank Act 1873 (5 of 1873) came into existence. In 1881, there were 171 district Banks, 3 Presidency banks, 14 Railway Banks, and 183 Regimental Banks. In 1879, the proposal for introduction of Postal Saving Banks was turned down by the then-D.G, but in 1881, the proposal was revised as a result of which it was decided to introduce Postal Saving Banks in the country.
On 1 April 1882, the Post Office Savings Banks were opened all over India except Presidency of Bombay. In Madras Presidency, it was limited to certain places & in the Bengal Presidency; no P.O SB was established in Calcutta or Howrah. The District Savings Banks were also allowed to function. The immediate result was addition of 4066 PO SB on 31.03.1882. the PO SB had 39129, accounts with a balance of Rs. 27,96,796/- which reached to 26,44,56,655 accounts with balance 6,189,430.26 million as on 31 March 2011 making the post office savings bank the largest bank of the world. On 1 April 1982, PO SB celebrated the 100 year anniversary of its existence, and the Government of India is considering the proposal to open Post Office Banks with core banking in its 1,54,866 PO's.

History of Postal Life Insurance

Postal Life Insurance was started in 1884 as a welfare measure for the employees of Posts & Telegraphs Department under Government of India dispatch No. 299 dated 18-10-1882 to the Secretary of State. Due to popularity of its schemes, various departments of Central and State Governments were extended its benefits. Now Postal Life Insurance is open for employees of all central and state government departments, nationalized banks, public sector undertakings, financial institutions, local municipalities and District councils and educational institutions aided by the Government .Due to Popularity of its schemes latter extended for the employees of all central/state Govt. employees. Further extended for the employees of the nationalized banks, semi-Govt., Public Undertaking concerns. It was extended to the all people of rural area on 24-03-1995 with so many attractive schemes.[2]

History of means of mail conveyance

  • • Pigeons: - Pigeons were used to send messages/mails before 18th century.
  • • Runners: - On opening First GPO in India on 01.04.1774 four mail routes fixed: 1. Kolkata to Ganjan (now in Orissa) 2. Ganjan to Mushirdabad later up to Pune. 3. Kolkata to Dhaka 4. Kolkata to Banaras & Huts were constructed at every 10 km. distance in between, upon which 3 runners with one Candle Holder( mashalchi) & one Band master(Dhaph) (to keep away the wild animals) were appointed to convey the mails.
  • • Palanquin (Dholi):- Runners were replaced by Palanquin (Dholi) with 8 Palanquin Bearers (kahars), two Candle Holders( mashalchi’s) & one coolie upon the routes. Charges were Rs. 1/- per mile. A Rs. 445/- was the cost in between Kolkata to Banaras.
  • • Ships: - Ships were used to convey mails from England to Mumbai (India).
  • • Boats: - Boats were used to convey mails coming to India from Cadgury to GPO Kolkata.
  • • Bull Carts/ Horse Tonga: - Runners / Palanquin(Dholi) were replaced with the Bull carts/ horse Tonga for conveying the mails in 1845, in between Allahabad to Kolkata to Delhi. Later extended to Lahore- Peshawar in the year 1850/1855.
  • • Rails: - Rails used for conveying mails First Rail with Steam Engine in between Howrah to Hugli from 15.08.1854. Later network of rail extended Delhi to Mumbai in the year 1866 & conveyance of mail started with railway. Traveling Post ( now Rail Mail Service) started on 01.05.1864 in between Allahabad- Kanpur & sorting of mails in running trains implemented.
  • • Public/ State Buses: - Public/State buses are also used for Conveyance of mails from one city to another city.
  • • Hired Freighter plane: - The world's first official airmail flight took place in India, on 18 February 1911. It was a journey that spanned 18 kilometers and lasted 27 minutes. Henri Piquet, a French pilot, ferried around 15 kilos of mail (approximately 6,000 letters and cards) across the Ganges, from Allahabad to Naini. Included in the historic airmail was a letter to King.[1]</ref>
  • • Mail Motor Service:- Mail Motor Service came into existence in 1944 for to & fro of mails from one city to another & within the city to ensure speedy delivery of mail articles. Till date Post Office owns a fleet of 1300 motor vans.
  • • Owned Freighter plane:- Post Office introduced delivery of mails through Freighter planes w.e.f 29 August 2007 from Kolkata (West Bengal) & the speeder delivery of mail services through its Freighter plane have been provided in foreign countries also.[3]
  •  S.M.Anjuman  phone no 9126874998 A

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